"The 11th-century building  of Hosios Luka in Greece is representative of the Byzantine art during the rule of the Makedonioi."
"The 11th-century building of Hosios Luka in Greece is representative of the Byzantine art during the rule of the Makedonioi."
























map of byzantine empire
map of byzantine empire




























11/3 - How do you think the location of Constantinople may have affected its development?

The location of Constantinople



interior of Hagia Sophia; expresses the complex designs of the artistic styles in the Byzantine Empire
interior of Hagia Sophia; expresses the complex designs of the artistic styles in the Byzantine Empire
Mosaic located in Revenna; art was very population occupation where people could also express religious  beliefs
Mosaic located in Revenna; art was very population occupation where people could also express religious beliefs

Outline of the foundation of Byzantine (began 4th Century B.E, lasted for 1000 years)
  • ruled from new metropolis
  • peasants was given a solid tax
  • Court language- Latin; common tongue-Greek
  • traded with Egyptians and Syrians
  • recruiting armies instead of using barbarian troops that could take advantage of their use
  • political style: emperor that had elaborate and fancy ceremonies

Outline of Justinian's achievements
  • rebuilt Constantinople, imperial artchitechure
  • fixed high taxes when people revoked
  • new classical architecture; Hagia Sophia - new church with dome like structure
  • Justinian create new laws to unite and organize the old laws; bureaucracy; with that it spread Roman legal principles into other parts of Europe
  • Belisarius - invaded North Africa and Italy and together with Justinian they made a temporary capital
  • Ravenna - artistic center with Christian mosaics
  • When Justinian tried to expand land, he attempt to push Persian forces out
  • Justinian unified the language for it to be Greek

Mark up on Justinian Code 2

Summary on Justinian Code 2

The law on book II is about, using the law of nature to determine whether man or government owns the building, or an natural area. Basically the law of nature, is that some areas of land is either open to the public or belonging to a certain party. For example,with rule 2 it states that "all rivers and ports are open to the public" however with rule 4 it states "the banks of a river are the property of those whose land they adjoin" With rule 2 the river is open to the public where they can fish and travel, by providing a stable job. However, if along the sides of the river belongs to a man, or the property owner, the area is not open to the public, and if the public uses it, they would be punished. Also with book II, it mentions about sharing materials with 2 parties. Such as in rule 27, that the new product combined with the materials is typically belongs to the one who worked on it, not providing the materials. In book II, not using the law of nature, religious areas are considered sacred and belongs to no one.

BOOK 1:
  • Justice and law, civil law, and marriage
  • Justice and law - persuit of Justice, art of study - philisophy and areology
  • public law - government private - natural law, law of nation, civil law, for the people to do good they get good
  • persuit of justice is to based on virtues of principles
  • civil law - to people of the states
  • law of nations - civil laws that are common to every state
  • natural law - ideas that are inherited
  • civil law is greater than the law of nation
  • law of persons - slavery, slavery belongs to the law of nation
  • marriage - no perligiment, no insected, blessing from family
  • reflects from the byzantine society and law makers all had to very well train, showes how much between state power and church power
  • law of persons - a way of conodoment
jurisprudence - philosophy of law, wisdom
BOOK 3:




Read 203 - 209 and answer the following questions.
Who were Cyril and Methodius? What did they accomplish?
  • Byzantine missionaries sent to Czech and Slavark republic
  • accomplished learning how to speak Slavic Language
  • Using the oral language to create a written language using Greek letters now known as Cyrillic
  • With new written script it increase the chances of literature and literacy development

How did events in the Middle East affect the demographics of the East Central borderlands?
  • Jews were trying to escape from Christianity causing an influx of Jews in the Middle East
Outline the development of the Kievan Rus
  • Kiev, city was set up to create a government by the Slavs, and used by the Scandinavian traders
  • Monarchy sprung up by a man name Rurik according to legend
  • Rurik the first prince named the area Kievan Rus around 855 c.e where it was organized through regional alliances and aristrocrats
  • Kievan Rus - located centrally that made it a good trading port between Russians and Constantinople
What important decision was made by Vladimir I?
  • his conversion on becoming Christian
  • force other people to convert
What were some of the major similarities and differences between Byzantium and the Kievan Rus?
Byzantium vs Kievan Rus
Similarities
Differences
devotion to God, God is an all mighty being
literature - written in Cyrillic
Central ruler, emperor/empress
Art was mainly focused on religion and religious idols
Dome like churches, ex Great Cathedral of Kiev
wood was used for building instead of stone
Basing Russian law on Byzantine law code
Pagon - oral tradition, music, theater for religion

free farmers ; boyars - Russian aristocrats who had less power

creating alliances through marriages
What factors led to the decline of the Kievan Rus?
  • invasions from the Mongols
  • trade and wealth that depended on Southern neighbors
  • regional government where family fought over for'

Summary for page 208 Eastern and Western Europe: The problem of Boundaries
The problem with boundaries between Eastern and Western Europe that it's difficult to figure out when did the state fell apart. Many factors that determine when the state split or fell would the religion, culture, trade, and it's overall civilization. For example, when the empire was split into 2 because of religion, there was traces of the disputed religion on each side; technically making the east part of the west. With written languages, the east and west would be divide by Latin/Greek with the Cyrillic script. Another way of distinguishing boundaries would be from trade tides between different areas. However with invasions it constantly changes the boundaries of the areas that could spread their land into the east/west.

Summary on the development of Eastern Europe
MI: The development of Eastern Europe was based on ideas and principles on Western Europe, but they still had to own ideas.
The development of Eastern Europe first began when the religion idea split the the eastern and the west with Christianity and Orthadox. The ideas seperated the people and ideas began to change. When Slavic people decided to setup a government in Kiev it ruled by aristrocracy and alliances through marriage. The city became a central trading port, that created prosperity in the economy and wealth. People wrote in Cyrillic script that influence literature and literact among that people. The religion began basing it on oral tradition and music to express their ideas.